

We don’t even need a huge amount of open source software. Just the important protocols.
Similar to how it was done in the early days of the internet:
Some committee (ideally made up partly of researchers, open-source institutions and private companies) agrees on an open standard, and then they all together work towards improving it, and they all use it in a way that is interoperable.
I don’t think anyone really cares about things like that in 2025